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(Last Modified On 11/26/2012)
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(Last Modified On 11/26/2012)
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Genus
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BAUHINIA L.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Sp. P1. 374. 1753
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Synonym
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Pauletia Cav. Ic. 5:5, t. 409, 4IO. 1799. Armaria Mutis ex Caldas, in Seman. Nuov. Rein. Gran. 2:25. 1810. Schnella Raddi, in Mem. Soc. Ital. Modena 18:411. 1820. Lacara Spreng. Neue Entdeck. 3:56. 1822. Casfarea HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6:317. 1823. Caulotretus Rich. ex Spreng. Syst. 4:Cur. Post. 406. 1827. Perlebia Mart. Reise 2:555. 1828. Binaria Raf. Sylva Tellur. 122. 1838. Alvesia Welw. Apont. (587:n. 47. 1858), fide Ind. Kew. Caspareopsis Britt. & Rose, in N. Am. Fl. 23:217. 1930.
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Description
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Shrubs or small trees, or more generally vine-like and climbing, supported by other vegetation, unarmed or less frequently armed; trunk or stem often flattened, usually with hard wood and longitudinally striate bark. Branchlets with con- spicuous alternate nodes, often appearing somewhat zigzag-jointed, sometimes tendriled. Leaves diagnostic, inconspicuously caducous-stipulate, petiolate, simple but usually profoundly 2-lobed or sometimes 2-foliolate, rounded to cordate basally, conspicuously callused at insertion of leaf and petiole, bilobed apically, lobes more or less lanceolate. Inflorescence terminal or axillary near end of the branchlets, few- to many-flowered. Flowers usually whitish, conspicuous; calyx 5-parted, with a short or long conspicuous tube, the limb often spathaceous; petals 5, free, small or large, mostly unequal, clawed; fertile stamens 10 or 5 or in introduced species 1 or 3; anthers versatile or subversatile, usually sagittate basally; ovary usually stipitate or substipitate; legume compressed, elastically dehiscent.
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Distribution
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Old and New World tropics.
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Key
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a. Leaves very large, 20-30 cm. long; inflorescence not known .................... 13. B. MANCA aa. Leaves small to large, usually 5-15 cm. long. b. Calyx elongate-tubular, limb subspathaceous or with elongate reflexed lobes in anthesis. c. At least 5 stamens antheriferous; native plants. d. Petals linear-filamentous. e. Plants armed; leaves small, with rounded lobes; calyx in bud very narrow-tubular, less than 4 mm. wide in the upper portion ............ 1. B. PAULETIA ee. Plants unarmed; leaves larger, with acute lobes; calyx in mature bud stockier, at least 4 mm. wide in upper portion 2. B. UNGULATA dd. Petals broader, elliptic to spatulate. e. Twigs armed; leaves small, moderately cleft, 7- to 9-nerved.... 3. B. EMARGINATA ee. Twigs unarmed; leaves larger, shallowly cleft, 11- to 13- nerved . 4. B. LIGULATA cc. One or 3 stamens antheriferous; introduced cultivated plants. d. Flower with 3 antheriferous stamens .. 5. B. PURPUREA dd. Flower with 1 antheriferous stamen ................................................ 6. B. MONANDRA bb. Calyx campanulate to oblongoid, not spathaceous but toothed or truncate in anthesis. c. Flowers small, calyx never over 1 cm. long; leaves entire but shallowly to deeply cleft. d. Calyx teeth prominent, erect, lanceolate to subulate. e. Leaves dull, often appressed-pubescent above, the lobes blunt; young twigs puberulent to subtomentose .................................... 7. B. STANTDLEYI ee. Leaves shiny-glabrous above, the lobes acute; young twigs rufous-subhirsute or almost glabrous. f. Leaves deeply cleft; calyx about 8 mm. long or longer; young twigs pubescent to glabrate .................................... 8. B. CUMANENSIS ff. Leaves cleft only I/4 their length; calyx about 6 mm. long; young twigs rufous-subhirsute .......................... 9. B. STORKII dd. Calyx teeth reflexed, expanded (obovate), or minute. e. Calyx teeth rigidly reflexed, 5 mm. long, obovate-attenuate; branchlets and petioles dark red, subhirsute .10. B. REFLEXA ee. Calyx teeth not reflexed, obovate or minute; branchlets and petioles rusty, short-haired to subglabrous. f. Calyx teeth manifest, obovate .............................................. 11. B. OBOVATA ff. Calyx teeth minute, calyx undulate to subtruncate . 12. B. EXCISA cc. Flowers large, calyx 1.5 cm. long or longer; leaves essentially 2-foliolate. d. Mature pedicels longer than 1 cm.; antheriferous stamens 10 ... 14. B. EUCOSMA dd. Mature pedicels shorter than 1 cm.; antheriferous stamens 5 15. B. HYMENEAEFOLIA
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