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Project Name Data (Last Modified On 3/27/2013)
 

Flora Data (Last Modified On 3/27/2013)
Family VITACEAE
Contributor THOMAS S. ELIAS
Description Climbing shrubs, vines or rarely erect shrubs or small trees, unarmed or rarely armed, stems usually sympodially branched, often with watery juice, bearing tendrils which may end in discoid suckers; nodes often swollen or jointed, the stem occasionally winged. Leaves alternate or the lower sometimes opposite, usually 2-ranked, simple, digitately or bipinnately compound, often pellucid-punctate, usually stipulate. Inflorescences cymose, racemose, spicate or paniculate, usually well developed and opposite a leaf; axis occasionally flattened and expanded; peduncles2 often cirrhose; bracteoles present. Flowers minute, bisexual or unisexual (the plants then usually monoecious), actinomorphic, numerous; calyx entire or toothed, the sepals (3-) 4-5 (-7), distinct or basally connate, the petals as many as the sepals, valvate in bud, minute or obsolete, flat, distinct (connate in Leea) or as in Vitis apically connate, separating from each other at the base and falling away as an early deciduous cap; disc evident, annular or lobed; stamens as many as the petals and opposite them, somewhat perigynous, arising from the base of the disc, the anthers distinct, rarely connate, introrse, rarely extrorse, 2-thecate, de- hiscing longitudinally; pistil 1, the ovary superior, 2-(3-8)-loculed and carpelled, the placentation axile, the ovules 1-2 on each placenta, anatropous, the style 1 and usually short, the stigma discoid, capitate, or shallowly 2-4-lobed. Fruit a berry, 1-4 (-6)?-seeded, the seeds with a small, straight embryo and copious to some- times ruminate endosperm.
Habit shrubs vines
Habit trees
Distribution The family contains 11 or 12 genera with 600-700 species occurring mainly in subtropical and tropical areas of the world
Note The Old World genus Leea has been placed by some workers in a subfamily of the Vitaceae (Gilg in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(5): 427-456, 1896) or in a family of its own (Suessenguth in Engler & Prantl, loc. cit. ed. 2., 20d: 372-390, 1953; Cronquist, The Evolution & Classification of Flowering Plants, p. 261, 1968). Two genera, Cissus and Vitis, are to be found in Panama.
Reference Planchon, J. E., Monographie des Ampelidees Vraies. In DC., Monogr. Phaner. 5(2): 305-648, 1887.
Key a. Inflorescence a well developed panicle; flowers 5-merous; petals fused at the apex, dropping off as an early deciduous cap; leaves simple; pith brown ..1. Vitis aa. Inflorescence cymose; flowers 4-merous; petals free, expanding, dropping singly; leaves simple or 3-foliolate; pith white .----------------------------2. Cissus
 
 
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