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Published In: An Encyclopedia of Plants 1074. 1829. (Encycl. Pl.) Name publication detail
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 5/8/2022)
Acceptance : Accepted
Project Data     (Last Modified On 2/26/2022)
Contributor Text: M. Qaiser & Anjum Perveen
Contributor Institution: Centre for Plant Conservation, University of Karachi – PAKISTAN

 

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Annual, perennial, herbs, shrubs, rarely trees. Leaves usually basal, alternate or opposite, usually petiolate, sometimes sessile; lamina ovate or trullate, often dissected, 1–3 pinnatifid, ultimate segments lanceolate, linear or filiform. Capitula mostly heterogamous, radiate, sometimes discoid, usually terminal, rarely axillary, solitary or in open paniculiform, rarely congested corymbiform cymes. Phyllaries mostly dimorphic and gradate, rarely isomorphic, in 1-6 series, outermost herbaceous, inner membranaceous. Receptacles flat or conical, usually paleate. Ray florets female or sterile, usually ligulate, 2 or 3-lobed, rarely 4-lobed, of various colours, white, yellow to orange, sometimes pink to red or deep purplish, bicolored or striped, rarely corolla absent. Disc florets usually bisexual and fertile, rarely functionally staminate; corollas usually yellow to orange, purplish, or brown, sometimes ± zygomorphic, lobes (3–) 5. Anther filaments glabrous or papillose – pubescent, appendages lanceolate to round, sometimes absent. Style arms apices broadly deltate or acuminate to subulate, appendages short or well developed, penicillate or papillose, papillae apically rounded or tapered. Cypselas usually isomorphic, sometimes dimorphic within heads, sometimes with corky edges or winged. Pappus of 1-8, smooth awns with retrose or introse barbs, sometimes awns absent, rarely of 4-6 rounded, lanceolate or obovate scales.

A medium sized tribe consisting of 30 genera and ca. 550 species, worldwide in distribution, mostly in Americas particularly in North America. In Pakistan it is represented by 5 genera and 12 species.

This tribe is important for its horticultural potential species including Coreopsis, Cosmos, Dahlia and their hybrids, while few are cosmopolitan weeds including Bidens.

 

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1.

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Anther filaments papillose or pubescent.

4. Cosmos

 

Anther filaments neither papillose nor pubescent.

 

2

2.

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Style branches wilth large, conspicuous papillose appendages, appearing plumose to the naked eye. Capitula nodding. 

 

5. Dahlia

 

Style branches with long hairs or densely papillose, but appendages neither conspicuously large, nor appearing plumose to naked eye. Capitula erect. 

 

 

 

 

 

3

3.

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Cypselas winged, pappus absent or of 2 persistent, bristly cusps or scales.

 

 

3. Coreopsis

 

Cypselas not winged, rarely with thickened margined or rarely ± winged (elsewhere)pappus of retrosely barbed awns.

 

 

 

 

4

4.

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Leaves alternate or at least below, rarely opposite above. Outermost phyllaries filiform, innermost much longer and broader. Style branches with long hairs. Pappus of 2 scabrid awns.

 

 

 

 

 

2. Glossocardia

 

 

Leaves opposite, at least below. Outer and inner phyllaries almost similar. Style branches with short minute papillae. Pappus of 2 – 4 scabrid awns.

 

 

 

1. Bidens

 

 
 
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