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(Last Modified On 7/12/2013)
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(Last Modified On 7/12/2013)
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Species
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Burmeistera vulgaris F. E. Wimmer
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PlaceOfPublication
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Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 27, pl. 123, fig. 14. 1932.
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Note
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TYPE: Costa Rica, Prov. de San Jose, N of El Copey, Standley 42686 (F, holotype; F, US, isotypes)
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Synonym
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Burmeistera macrocalyx F. E. Wimmer, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 19, pl. 124. 1932. TYPE: Costa Rica, Wendland 839 (B, not seen). Burmeistera pittieri F. E. Wimmer, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 19, pl. 124, fig. 20a. 1932. TYPE: Costa Rica, Prov. de Cartago, Volcan Turrialba, Pittier 7531 (B, W, syntypes, neither seen; GH, US, isosyntypes). Burmeistera pittieri var. decorans F. E. Wimmer, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 19, pl. 124, fig. 20b. 1932. TYPE: Costa Rica, Prov. de San Jose, La Palma, Tonduz (Herb. Inst. Nat. Costaric. 12522) (US, holotype).
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Description
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Terrestrial or rarely epiphytic suffrutescent herbs or bushy shrublets; stems hollow, glabrous, 1-3(-4.5) m tall. Principal leaves with blades usually elliptic, 5-15 cm long, (1.5-)2.5-4.8 cm wide, mostly 2.5-5 times as long as wide, apically abruptly narrowed to a broad acuminate tip, basally rounded to gradually taper- ing, marginally sinuate with low teeth and 3-5 callosities per cm, glabrous above and beneath except for the often minutely scaberulous-puberulent veins; petioles slender, glabrous to inconspicuously puberulous, 1.3-2.0(-3.0) cm long. Flow- ers 4.5-5 cm long; pedicels solitary in the upper leaf axils, appressed to wide- spreading, occasionally flexuous, glabrous, ebracteolate, 7-10(-17) cm long; hypanthium in anthesis cylindric or slightly narrowed apically and basally rounded to subacute, 8-12 mm long, 4-5 mm in diameter, ca. 1.5-2 times as long as wide; calyx lobes extremely variable, narrowly triangular, blunt, apically rounded or subacute, prominently crenate, callose-denticulate to almost entire, ascendant to spreading, 4.5-12 mm long, often foliaceous and then broadly elliptic to ob- long, coarsely toothed and (15-)20-28 mm long and 3-7 mm wide; corolla gla- brous, pale green, the tube 12-16 mm long, basally somewhat inflated, the, lobes oblong-falcate, the 2 upper lobes 10-18(-23) mm long, the lateral lobes 9-12 mm long, the lowest lobe 5-10 mm long; filament tube 26-32 mm long, distally glabrous to sparingly and inconspicuously puberulent, glabrous beneath, basally distinct but united to the corolla tube, the longer anthers 8-9 mm long, the shorter anthers ca. 5 mm long, all anthers glabrous except sometimes for a few, soft, white apical hairs. Berries much inflated, (2.0-)2.5-4.0 cm in diameter, 2.5-5.0 cm long; seeds linear-fusiform, 0.6-0.8 mm long, light brown with darker tips, mi- nutely foveate-reticulate.
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Habit
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herbs or bushy shrublets
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Distribution
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This species occurs in wet forests in Costa Rica and western Panama
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Elevation
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1,200:-2,550 m
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Distribution
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and in northwestern South America from Colombia and Ecuador.
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Note
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The variability of the size of the calyx lobes of this species is most striking and has been the principal feature emphasized by Wimmer in recognizing the several species and varieties listed in the synonymy of this species. The more numerous specimens now available confirm McVaugh's (1943) treatment of these taxa as a morphological continuum. The following names range from the smallest calyx lobes to the largest: B. vulgaris, pittieri, pittieri var. decorans, and macrocalyx.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Robalo Trail, northern slopes of Cerro Horqueta, 6000-7000 ft, Allen 4952 (MICH, MO). CHIRIQJi: Bajo Chorro, 6000 ft, Davidson 378 (F, US). Bajo Chorro, 7000 ft, Davidson 720 (F, US). Above Las Nubes, NW of Cerro Punta, 1900-2100 m, Luteyn 3801 (DUKE, MO). Bajo Chorro trail, 2360-2500 m, Luteyn 3827 (DUKE). Las Nubes, 5 km NW of Cerro Pando, 6000-6500 ft, Mori & Bolten 7222 (DUKE, MO). Cerro Colorado on continental divide, 50 km N of San Felix, 1400 m, Mori & Dressler 7763 (DUKE, MO). Las Nubes region, 3-5.5 km NW of Cerro Punta, 2000-2410 m, Utley et al. 242, 249 (both DUKE, MICH). Beyond Las Nubes, 7500 ft, Wilbur & Teeri 13198 (CR, DUKE, F, GH, LL, MICH, MO, NY, PMA, US, WIS). Vic. of Las Nubes, 6000-7200 ft, Wilbur et al. 17083 (DUKE, F, LL, MICH, MO, PMA, US). Vic. of Las Nubes, ca. 6 km NW of Cerro, Punta, 7200 ft, Wilbur et al. 17162 (DUKE). Boquete-Cerro Punta trail on the Boquete side of the pass, 8200 ft, Wilbur et al. 17252 (DUKE, F, MICH, MO, PMA).
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