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(Last Modified On 8/1/2013)
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(Last Modified On 8/1/2013)
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Species
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Sicydium tamnifolium (H.B.K.) Cogn.
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PlaceOfPublication
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DC., Monogr. Phan. 3: 905. 1881.
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Synonym
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Fevillea tamnifolis H.B.K., Nov. Gen. Sp. P1. 7: 175. 1825. TYPE: Colombia, Humboldt & Bonpland (P, not seen). Triceratia bryonioides A. Rich. in Sagra, Hist. Cuba 2. 10: 615. 1845. TYPE: not known. Sicydium tamnifolium var. dussii Cogn., Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 30(1): 277. 1891. TYPE: Costa Rica, Duss 93 (BR, not seen).
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Description
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Dioecious, tendriled vines; stems densely pubescent, at least when young, rarely glabrate. Leaves ovate, 7-10 cm long, 5-8 cm wide, the apex acute or acuminate, the base cordate, the margin entire, membranaceous to subcharta- ceous, the upper surface minutely white pustulate, slightly scabrous, both the surfaces pubescent at least on the veins; petioles slender, 2-5 cm long, densely pubescent to glabrate; tendrils slender, 2-branched at the apex. Inflorescences axillary, paniculate, usually densely so, trichomes glandular tipped and eglandu- lar, many flowered; pedicels capillaceous, to 1 mm long. Staminate flowers greenish white; sepals triangular, ca. 0.5 mm long, villous on the outer surface; corolla linear lanceolate, ca. 1.5 mm long, spreading, the apex slightly incurved, papillose pubescent on both the surfaces, the margin fimbriociliate; stamens short; anthers quadrate or oblong, the hypanthium disc slightly 5-lobate. Pistil- late flowers with the calyx and the corolla as in the staminate flowers; ovary ovoid, ca. 1.5 mm in diameter, pubescent with glandular and eglandular tri- chomes, the style capillaceous, divergent at the apex. Fruits black, smooth, puberulent or glabrate, 5-7 mm in diameter; pedicel 4-10 mm long; seed brown, deeply verrucose, ca. 4-5 mm in diameter.
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Habit
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vines
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Distribution
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ranges from Mexico to Peru and into the Caribbean,
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Note
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occurring in thickets and open forests at low elevations. It is of fairly frequent occurrence in Panama.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Changuinola Valley, Dunlap 571 (US). Without definite locality, Wedel 468 (F, MO). Water Valley, Chiriqui Lagoon, Wedel 1815 (F, GH, MO). Old Bank Island, Chiriqui Lagoon, Wedel 2144 (MO). CANAL ZONE: Near beach at Ft. Kobbe, Duke 4214 (MO), 4710 (GH, MO). Bridge near entrance to Boy Scout Camp, Dwyer 7484 (MO). Madden Dam, Boy Scout Camp Road, Dwyer & Elias 7484 (GH, MO). Road between Trans- isthmian Highway and Madden Dam, Gentry 6742 (GH, MO). Around Gamboa, Pittier 4819 (GH, US). Sousa Hill, Balboa, Standley 26261 (US). Balboa, Standley 25610 (US). Las Cascadas Plantation near Summit, Standley 25774 (US). Balboa, Standley 27174, 29250 (both US). Las Cascadas Plantation near Summit, Standley 29522 (US). Juan Diaz, Standley 30474 (US). Rio Cocoli, Road K-9, Stern et al. 303 (GH, MO, US). Fort Clayton, Cardenas Creek area, Tyson 1276 (DUKE, MO). 2 mi N of Cocoli, Tyson 1641 (DUKE, MO). Curund-6, near Survival School, Tyson 4182 (MO). Gamboa, Tyson et al. 4580 (MO). CHIRIQUI: Rio Chorcha, Gentry 4857 (MO, NY). Quebrada Melliza, 6 mi S of Puerto Airmuelles, Liesner 489 (MO, US). DARIEN: Along Rio Pirre, Duke 4969 (GH, MO, US). Across Rio Chucuna- que from Pinogana, Duke 5176 (GH, MO). Panamerican Highway near Boca del Cupa, Duke 5385 (MO). Isla Boca Grande, Duke 8840 (MO, US). Rio Sabana, Santa Fe, Leopold 240 (MO). Along the Sambt'i River, Pittier 5564 (US). Vicinity of El Real, Rio Tuira, 1 mi from Pinogana near Quebrada Chuito, Stern et al. 108 (GH, MO, US). PANAMIA: Pacora, Dwyer 1228 (MO). Sabanas, near Chepo, Hunter & Allen 90 (MO). Taboga Island, Maxon 6915 (US); Pittier 3549 (US); Standley 27085, 27097 (both US). Between Matias Hernaindez and Juan Dias, Standley 32003 (US). Isla Taboga, Woodson et al. 1464 (AA, F, MO, NY). SAN BLAS: Around Puerto Obaldia, Pittier 4379 (US).
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