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Details
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Group: Monocot Rank: genus Kind: Name of a new Taxon Herbarium Placement: Lehmann, lower, A, 19

Authors: Published In: Species Plantarum 1: 55. 1753. (1 May 1753) (Sp. Pl.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
Type Specimens
  • LT: Panicum miliaceum L. LT designated by Hitchcock & Chase, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 15: 13-15 [see p. 14, and also 17] (1910); by Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot. 119 (1929).
    • Lectotype designated by: Reference article Hitchcock, A. S. & A. Chase. 1910. The North American species of Panicum. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 15: 14. View in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
    • Lectotype designated by: Reference article Hitchcock, A. S. 1920. The genera of grasses of the United States. U.S.D.A. Bull. (1915-23) 772: 229.
Higher Taxa:     Taxonomy Browser
Concept:    details Projects: Ambatovy , Antioquia , Bolivia , China , Costa Rica , Ecuador , Flora of Panama , IPCN , Madagascar , Madidi Checklist , Mesoamericana , Missouri , New World Grasses , Nicaragua , Pakistan , Panama , PAPGI , Peru , SNR , VPA

Common Names:
  • panic grass (English, United States)
  • Panicum (English, United States)
  • shu shu
    • No References available
Keywords: AFRI, AGF, BCA, BOL, CEC, FCC, MAD, MC, PAK, PBRZ, FNA

Synonyms
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Accepted Names
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References
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Accepted By:
  • Reference article Barkworth, M.E., K.M. Capels, S. Long & M.B. Piep. 2003. Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Poaceae, part 2. 25: i–xxv, 1–783. In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (eds.) Fl. N. Amer.. Oxford University Press, New York.
  • Reference article Bor, N. L. 1960. Grass. Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan i–xviii, 1–767. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
  • Reference article Cabi, E. & M. Doğan. 2012. Poaceae. 690–756. In A. Güner, S. Aslan, T. Ekim, M. Vural & M. T. Babaç (eds.) Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi. Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, Istanbul.
  • Reference article Davidse, G. 1994. 113. Panicum L. 6: 302–318. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater (eds.) Fl. Mesoamer.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D. F.
  • Reference article Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater. 1994. Alismataceae a Cyperaceae. 6: i–xvi, 1-543. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater (eds.) Fl. Mesoamer.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D. F.
  • Reference article Delfini, C, S. S. Aliscioni, J. M. Acosta, J. F. Pensiero & F. O. Zuloaga. 2023. An Update of the Cenchrinae (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paniceae) and a New Genus for the Subtribe to Clarify the Dubious Position of a Species of Panicum L. Plants 12(4/749): 1-22. journal journal
  • Reference article Espejo Serna, M. A., A. R. López-Ferrari & J. Valdés-Reyna. 2000. Poaceae. Monocot. Mexic. Sinopsis Floríst. 10: 7–236 [and index].
  • Reference article Ferreira, C. G., R. C. Oliveira, J. F. M. Valls & M. I. Bezerra de Loiola. 2009. Poaceae da Estação Ecológica do Seridó, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Hoehnea 36(4): 679–707.
  • Reference article Forzza, R. C. 2010. Lista de espécies Flora do Brasil http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro.
  • Reference article Freckmann, R. W. & M. G. Lelong. 2002. Nomenclatural changes and innovations in Panicum and Dichanthelium (Poaceae: Paniceae). Sida 20(1): 161–174. View in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
  • Reference article Guglieri. 2007. Panicum sect. Dichotomiflora (Hitchc. & Chase) Honda e P. sect. Virgata Hitchc. & Chase ex Pilg. (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae) no Brasil. Acta Bot. Brasil. 21(4): 785–805.
  • Reference article Guglieri, A. & H. M. Longhi-Wagner. 2000. Flora Ilustrada do Rio Grande do Sul 26: Gramineae - Paniceae gênero Panicum L. Bol. Inst. Bioci. Univ. Fed. Rio Grande do Sul 59: 1–156.
  • Reference article Hitchcock, A. S. 1908-1909 [1909]. Catalogue of the grasses of Cuba. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12(6): 183–258, vii–xi. View in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
  • Reference article Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., R. del C. Ortiz, R. Callejas Posada & M. Merello. (eds.) 2011. Fl. Antioquia: Cat. 2: 9–939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
  • Reference article Jørgensen, P. M., M. H. Nee & S. G. Beck. 2014. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia. 127(1–2): i–viii, 1–1744. In P. M. Jørgensen, M. H. Nee & S. G. Beck (eds.) Cat. Pl. Vasc. Bolivia, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard.. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Reference article Jørgensen, P. M., M. H. Nee, S. G. Beck & A.F. Fuentes. 2015 en adelante. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia (actualizaciones en línea).
  • Reference article Kellogg, E. A., J. R. Abbott, K. S. Bawa, K. N. Gandhi, B.R. Kailash, K.N. Ganeshaiah, U.B. Shrestha & P. H. Raven. 2020. Checklist of the grasses of India. PhytoKeys 163: 1–560.
  • Reference article Kucera, C. L. 1998. Grass. Missouri 305 pp., University of Missouri Press, Colombia.
  • Reference article Longhi-Wagner, H. M., V. Bittich, M. das G. L. Wanderley & G. J. Shepherd. 2001. Poaceae. 1: 1–292. In M. G. L. Wanderly, G. J. Shepherd & A. M. Giulietti (eds.) Fl. Fanerog. Estado São Paulo. Editora Hucitec, São Paulo.
  • Reference article McClure, F. A. 1955. Bamboos. In: Swallen, J.R. (ed.), Flora of Guatemala. Fieldiana, Bot. 24(2): 38–331. View in Biodiversity Heritage Library
  • Reference article Missouri Botanical Garden. MO Generic Names in Use
  • Reference article Morales, J. F. 2003. Poaceae. En: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica. Vol. III. B.E. Hammel, M.H. Grayum, C. Herrera & N. Zamora (eds.). Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 93(3): 598–821.
  • Reference article Morrone, O., A. M. Anton & F. O. Zuloaga. 1995. Axonopus. Fl. Fan. Argent. 19(1): 11–16.
  • Reference article Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali (eds). 1980-2005. Fl. Pakistan Univ. of Karachi, Karachi.
  • Reference article Renvoize, S. A. 1998. Gram. Bolivia 1–644. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Reference article Sánchez-Ken, J. G. 2018 [2019]. Riqueza de especies, clasificación y listado de las gramíneas (Poaceae) de México Species richness, classification and a checklist of the grasses (Poaceae) of Mexico. Acta Bot. Mex. 126: 1–115.
  • Reference article Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, K. Romaschenko, T. S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone, L. G. Clark, J. K. Teisher, L. J. Gillespie, P. Barberá, C. A. D. Welker, E. A. Kellogg & D.-Z. Li. 2015 and onwards. Poaceae Genera of the World: accepted and synonyms. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, K. Romaschenko, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone Internet Catalogue of World Grass Genera: On-line updates, corrections, and synonymy. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Reference article Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Reference article Soreng, R. J., P. M. Peterson, K. Romaschenko, G. Davidse, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras, J. I. Davis & O. Morrone. 2015. A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae). J. Syst. Evol. 53(2): 117–137, f. 1.
  • Reference article Sousa da Rocha, A. E., M. d. Bastos & R. d. Secco. 2001. O gênero Panicum L. (Gramineae/Poaceae) na restinga da Praia da Princesa, apa de Algodoal/Maiandeua, Maracanã, Pará. Bol. Mus. Paraense "Emílio Goeldi", n.s., Bot. 17(2): 297–314.
  • Reference article Stevens, W. D., C. Ulloa Ulloa, A. Pool & O. M. Montiel Jarquín. 2001. Flora de Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85: i–xlii,.
  • Reference article Swallen, J. R. 1955. Gramineae. En: Standley, P.C. & Steyermark, J.A. (eds.), Flora of Guatemala - Part II. Fieldiana, Bot. 24(2): i–ix, 1–390. View in Biodiversity Heritage Library
  • Reference article Ulloa Ulloa, C., P. Acevedo-Rodríguez, S. G. Beck, M. J. Belgrano, R. Bernal, P. E. Berry, L. Brako, M. Celis, G. Davidse, S. R. Gradstein, O. Hokche, B. León, S. León-Yánez, R. E. Magill, D. A. Neill, M. H. Nee, P. H. Raven, H. Stimmel, M. T. Strong, J. L. Villaseñor Ríos, J. L. Zarucchi, F. O. Zuloaga & P. M. Jørgensen. 2017. An integrated assessment of vascular plants species of the Americas. Science 358: 1614–1617 [online suppl. materials: 1-23 + 1-2497], t. 1-4 [f. S1-5].
  • Reference article Ulloa Ulloa, C., P. Acevedo-Rodríguez, S. G. Beck, M. J. Belgrano, R. Bernal, P. E. Berry, L. Brako, M. Celis, G. Davidse, S. R. Gradstein, O. Hokche, B. León, S. León-Yánez, R. E. Magill, D. A. Neill, M. H. Nee, P. H. Raven, H. Stimmel, M. T. Strong, J. L. Villaseñor Ríos, J. L. Zarucchi, F. O. Zuloaga & P. M. Jørgensen. 2018 (onwards). An integrated Assessment of Vascular Plants Species of the Americas (Online Updates).
  • Reference article Valdés, B. & H. Scholz. 2006. The Euro+Med treatment of Gramineae - a generic synopsis and some new names. Willdenowia 36(2): 657–669.
  • Reference article Valdés-Reyna, J., F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone & L. Aragón Melchor. 2009. El género Panicum (Poaceae: Panicoideae) en el noreste de México. Bol. Soc. Bot. México 84: 59–82.
  • Reference article Veldkamp, J. F. 1996. Revision of Panicum and Whiteochloa in Malesia (Gramineae-Paniceae). Blumea 41: 181–216.
  • Reference article Villaseñor Ríos, J. L. 2016. Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico/Catálogo de las plantas vasculares nativas de México. Revista Mex. Biodivers. 87(3): 559–902. epublication
  • Reference article Webster, R. D. & P. M. Peterson. 1996. Poaceae, In: Acevedo, P. (ed.). Flora of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 78: 509–540.
  • Reference article Webster, R. D., J. H. Kirkbride & J. V. Reyna. 1989. New World genera of the Paniceae (Poaceae: Panicoideae). Sida 13(4): 393–417. View in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
  • Reference article Zon, A. P. M. v. 1992. Graminées du Cameroun. Wageningen Agric. Univ. Pap. 92–1(2): 1–557.
  • Reference article Zuloaga, F. O. & D. Giraldo-Cañas. 2013. Panicum (Poaceae). Fl. Colombia 30: 1–104. view online view online
  • Reference article Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
Homonyms
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Subordinate Taxa
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Specimens
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Specimen coordinates enclosed in square brackets [ ] have been approximated based on political units.
Literature Based Distribution
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Mapping will be based on a standard reference mark based on political units when available.
  • South America
    • Argentina : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Argentina : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Mesoamerica
    • Belize : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Belize : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • South America
    • Bolivia : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Bolivia : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
    • Brazil : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Brazil : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
    • Brazil : Forzza, R. C. 2010. Lista de espécies Flora do Brasil http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro.
  • North America
    • Canada : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Canada : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • South America
    • Chile : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Chile : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Africa & Madagascar
    • Cameroon : Zon, A. P. M. v. 1992. Graminées du Cameroun. Wageningen Agric. Univ. Pap. 92–1(2): 1–557.
  • South America
    • Colombia : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Colombia : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
    • Colombia : Zuloaga, F. O. & D. Giraldo-Cañas. 2013. Panicum (Poaceae). Fl. Colombia 30: 1–104.
  • Mesoamerica
    • Costa Rica : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Costa Rica : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
    • Costa Rica : Morales, J. F. 2003. Poaceae. En: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica. Vol. III. B.E. Hammel, M.H. Grayum, C. Herrera & N. Zamora (eds.). Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 93(3): 598–821.
  • South America
    • Ecuador : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Ecuador : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Mesoamerica
    • El Salvador : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • El Salvador : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • South America
    • French Guiana : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • French Guiana : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Mesoamerica
    • Guatemala : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Guatemala : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • South America
    • Guyana : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Guyana : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Mesoamerica
    • Honduras : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Honduras : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Asia
    • India : Kellogg, E. A., J. R. Abbott, K. S. Bawa, K. N. Gandhi, B.R. Kailash, K.N. Ganeshaiah, U.B. Shrestha & P. H. Raven. 2020. Checklist of the grasses of India. PhytoKeys 163: 1–560.
  • Mesoamerica
    • Mexico : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Mexico : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
    • Mexico : Valdés-Reyna, J., F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone & L. Aragón Melchor. 2009. El género Panicum (Poaceae: Panicoideae) en el noreste de México. Bol. Soc. Bot. México 84: 59–82.
    • Mexico : Villaseñor Ríos, J. L. 2016. Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico/Catálogo de las plantas vasculares nativas de México. Revista Mex. Biodivers. 87(3): 559–902.
    • Mexico : Sánchez-Ken, J. G. 2018 [2019]. Riqueza de especies, clasificación y listado de las gramíneas (Poaceae) de México Species richness, classification and a checklist of the grasses (Poaceae) of Mexico. Acta Bot. Mex. 126: 1–115.
    • Nicaragua : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Nicaragua : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
    • Panama : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Panama : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • South America
    • Peru : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Peru : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
    • Paraguay : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Paraguay : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
    • Suriname : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Suriname : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Asia
    • Turkey : Cabi, E. & M. Doğan. 2012. Poaceae. 690–756. In A. Güner, S. Aslan, T. Ekim, M. Vural & M. T. Babaç (eds.) Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi. Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, Istanbul.
  • South America
    • Uruguay : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Uruguay : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • North America
    • United States : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • United States : Kucera, C. L. 1998. Grass. Missouri 305 pp., University of Missouri Press, Colombia.
    • United States : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
    • United States : USDA, NRCS. 2007. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge.
  • South America
    • Venezuela : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Venezuela : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Caribbean
    • Caribbean : Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone. 2003. Panicum. 46: 306–441. In F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, T. S. Filgueiras, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & E. J. Judziewicz (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
    • Caribbean : Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • South America
    • Brazil Rio Grande do Norte: Ferreira, C. G., R. C. Oliveira, J. F. M. Valls & M. I. Bezerra de Loiola. 2009. Poaceae da Estação Ecológica do Seridó, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Hoehnea 36(4): 679–707.
    • Colombia Antioquia: Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., R. del C. Ortiz, R. Callejas Posada & M. Merello. (eds.) 2011. Fl. Antioquia: Cat. 2: 9–939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
 
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