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(Last Modified On 6/14/2013)
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(Last Modified On 6/14/2013)
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Species
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Clibadium grandifolium Blake
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PlaceOfPublication
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Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 22: 599. 1924.
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Note
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TYPE: Costa Rica, Limon, Llanuras de Santa Clara, along Rio Pacuare, 150 m, Apr 1896, Smith 6614 (US, holotype, not seen).
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Synonym
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Clibadium grande Blake, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 22: 601. 1924. TYPE: Costa Rica, Limon, La Florida, 80 m, 18 Jun 1897, Pittier 11280 (GH, holotype, not seen, UC, US, photos; US, isotype).
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Description
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Shrub 2-6 m tall; stems 2.5 cm diam. toward the base, glabrate to strigillose with hairs 0.3 mm long. Leaves broadly ovate; blades 18-32 cm long, 12-28 cm wide, acute to acuminate, the base obtuse to shortly attenuate (cordate on very large leaves), the margin serrate, the upper surface glabrate to strigillose (especially on veins) with hairs to 0.3 mm long, the lower surface moderately strigose with hairs to 0.3 mm long; petioles 5-18 cm long, to 5 mm diam., glabrate. Inflorescence a tightly clustered racemose panicle of 125-600 heads; peduncles 0.5 mm long. Heads radiate; involucre cupulate, 3-4 mm across, the bracts 8-13, ovate to obovate, 3-4 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, abaxially glabrate to infrequently strigillose with hairs 0.1 mm long, the upper half ciliate with hairs 0.1 mm long; paleas absent; ray florets 6-9, the corollas 2 mm long, 0.3 mm diam., the 3 lobes 0.1 mm long, the styles 2.5 mm long with branches 1.2 mm long; disc florets 7-12, the corollas 3.5-4 mm long, the throat 2.5-3 mm long and 1 mm diam., the lobes 0.6 mm long, puberulent at apex, the tube 0.3 mm diam., the anthers 2 mm long, the style 3-4 mm long, the ovary sterile, 1.5 mm long, 0.3 mm diam., villous with hairs to 1 mm long. Achenes 2.3 mm long, 1.8 mm diam., pubescent on the upper 1/3 with hairs 0.1 mm long; pappus absent, Chromosome number unknown.
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Habit
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Shrub
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Note
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Usually Clibadium grandifolium is easily recognizable by its large leaves and numerous small heads clustered together. However, in juvenile specimens, the leaves are small (e.g., Gentry 5698) which makes C. grandifolium resemble C. asperum. The conspicuously strigose involucral bracts of the latter species, however, provide a distinguishing character. In Panama it flowers from June to September and from December to March. Although Blake (1924) simultaneously described both Clibadium grandi- folium and C. grande as distinct species, the differences emphasized by him (numbers of florets and heads) are not sufficient to warrant formal recognition.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Santa Catalina, Blackwell et al. 2749 (MO, UC). Chiriquicito to 5 mi S along Rio Guarumo, -Leivis et al. 2082 (MO, UC). Rio Changuinola near Changuinola, Dwyer 5128 (MO). COCLE: Near El Valle de Anton, N rim, 800-1000 m, Allen 224 (MO, US), 1662 (GH, MO, US), 1998 (F, GH, MO, US). El Valle de Anton, floor, 600 m, Allen 3621 (MO). El Valle, near waterfall, Blum et al. 2379 (MO). 2.5 mi above El Valle on road to La Mesa, Croat 13372 (MO). Above El Valle, D'Arcy & D'Arcy 6735 (MO); Gentry 5698 (MO). 5 mi N of El Valle de Anton, 1000 m, Luteyn 1188 DUKE). 2.8 mi NW of church in El Valle de Anton, 3100 ft, Luteyn, 4059 (DUKE). Ca. 6 mi N of El Valle de Anton, Luteyn & Kennedy 1638 (DUKE). 2 mi N of El Valle, 620-660 m, McDaniel 8280 (US). Foot of Cerro Pilon, 2000 ft, Porter et al. 4651 (MO, UC). DARIEN: Cocalita near Colombian border (Pacific side), Dwyer 5111 (US). VERAGUAS: 3-5 mi N of Santa Fe, 500-1000 m, Gentry 3034 (MO). 5 mi W of Santa Fe, 800-1200 m, Liesner 947 (MO).
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