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(Last Modified On 7/15/2013)
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(Last Modified On 7/15/2013)
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Species
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Cupania cinerea Poepp. & Endlich.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Nov. Gen. Sp. PI. 3: 38. 1844.
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Note
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TYPE: Peru, Maynas ad Yurimaguas, Poeppig 2338 (F, NY, W).
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Synonym
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Cupania costaricensis Radlk., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17:364. 1921. TYPE: Costa Rica, Tonduz (1B, destroyed, MO, photo). Cupania alba Griseb., Bonplandia 6:4. 1858. TYPE: Colombia, Cauca Valley, Rio Sucio, Goudot (P).
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Description
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Trees to ca. 8(-10) m tall; stems terete, conspicuously lenticellate, often flexuose, young stems tomentose, glabrescent. Leaves pinnately 3-7-foliolate; petioles 1-6 cm long, tomentose to glabrescent; petiolules ca. 5 mm long; leaflets obovate, rounded to truncate or emarginate at the apex, acute at the base, 6-17 cm long, 3.5-7 cm wide, glabrate above, usually densely white-tomentose below, the pubescence all directed inward toward centers of the areoles, sometimes the lower surface dark, the pubescence moderately sparse on the reticulate veins, the actual surface then visible, the margins serrate-dentate to conspicuously serrate. Panicles dense, terminal or subterminal, racemose. Flowers white; sepals 5, ovate, tomentose, greenish; petals 5, + obovate, to 2 mm long, clawed, villous, the blade laterally fused to the scale and deeply divided in the middle; stamens ca. 3 mm long, inserted on inner edge of the disc, the filaments villous below the middle; disc fleshy, ca. 0.7 mm high, tomentose; staminate flowers with the stamens ex- serted, 2.5-3 mm long, the ovary abortive, pubescent, lacking a style; bisexual flowers with the stamens 1.5-2 mm long, only slightly exserted, the ovary ovoid, obtusely 3-angulate, with a stout style about as long as the ovary, the style and ovary together ca. 3 mm long, the stigmas 3, recurved, the ovary, style and stigma tomentose. Capsules obovate, rounded to 3-lobed, short-stipitate, ca. 1.5 cm long and 1 cm wide, pale greenish- or brown-tomentose outside, woolly within; seeds oblong, more than 1 cm long, shiny black, the lower half covered with an orange aril.
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Habit
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Trees
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Note
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Cupania cinerea is distinguished from other species in the genus in Panama by the dense mat of whitish pubescence on the lower leaf surface. Unusually dark-leaved specimens such as White 259 with pubescence similar to Cupania lati- folia may represent hybrids with that species. Cupania cinerea flowers in the early rainy season in June and July. Fruits mature in September and October in Panama.
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Distribution
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ranges from Costa Rica to Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, and Bo- livia. It also occurs in the West Indies. In Panama it is known from tropical moist forest and tropical wet forest.
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Common
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gorgojo gorgojero
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Common
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gorojo blanco
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Region of Almirante, Cooper 351 (F, NY, US). Changuinola Valley, Dunlap 507 (F, GH, US). Vic. of Chiriqui Lagoon, von Wedel 2512 (GH, MO, NY, US), 2550 (GH, MO, US). CANAL ZONE: Barro Colorado Island, Aviles 958 (F); Croat 6440 (F, MO, NY, PMA, SCZ), 6696 (MO, NY, SCZ), 11767 (MO, NY); Shattuck 958 (F, US); Stand- ley 40968 (US). Near Gamboa, Bartlett & Lasser 16507A (MICH, MO). Pipeline Road, Clewell & Tyson 3263 (MO). Across from Summit Hills Golf Course, Croat 10961 (F, MO, NY, SCZ), 12235 (DUKE, MO, NY, SCZ). Road S-10 N of Escobal, Croat 12440 (DUKE, F, MO, NY, SCZ). Road K-6 E of Arraijan, Croat 15038 (DUKE, F, GH, MO, NY). Forest N of Summit Hills Golf Course, Croat 16652 (MO). 6 km W of Gamboa, 30-40 m, Nee 7209 (CAS, DUKE, GH, K, MO, P, PMA, VEN). Gamboa, Pittier 3704 (US). Vic. of Miraflores Lake, White s.n. (MO). COLON: Vic. Rio Piedras, Blum et al. 2534 (MO). Maria Chiquita, Dwyer 1235 (MO). Rio Piedras along road to Portobelo, Dwyer et al. 2534 (SCZ). Along Rio Fato, Pittier 3875 (,US). DARIEN: Rio Pirre, 2-5 mi above El Real, Duke 5092 (GH, MO, US). Rio Pucro below village of Pucro, Duke 13136 (MO). Vic. of Paya, Rio Paya, Stern et al. 188 (G, MO, US). Pefias Bay, Tyson 5535 (DUKE, MO). PANAMA: Rio Tapia, Standley 28097 (US). Obisbo, Standley 31753 (US).
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