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(Last Modified On 5/16/2013)
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(Last Modified On 5/16/2013)
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Species
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Solanum mammosum L.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Sp. PI. 187. 1753.
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Description
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Herb or shrub to 1.5 m tall; twigs viscid-villous with long simple hairs, armed with yellow or green, acicular spines which in age become flattened, recurved, woody, 2.5 cm long; stems fistulose. Leaves 6-20 cm long, broadly ovate, pin- natifidly lobed, the base truncate to deeply cordate, both sides villous with long, simple, glandular hairs, short-stalked glands and sessile, long-radiate stellae with ascending radii, armed with flattened acicular spines to 3 cm long; petioles 3-7 cm long, sparingly armed. Inflorescence lateral, several-flowered, a short raceme on a short (to 10 mm long) peduncle; pedicels 5-12 mm long, becoming stout and somewhat longer in fruit, viscid-villous to lanate, armed or not. Flowers with the calyx unarmed, deeply lobed, the lobes lanceolate, pubescent outside, 3-6 mm long; corolla violet, showy, exceeding the calyx 2-3 times in bud, 3-4 cm across, lobed about halfway; filaments very short, the anthers 10-12 mm long, linear-oblong and tapering. Fruit orange or yellow, 4-7 mm long, ovoid, often with a 2 cm long, nipple-like apex, and sometimes.bearing one or more nipple-like protrusions at the base; seeds compressed-lenticular, 5-7 mm across, not winged, finely rugose, shiny.
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Habit
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Herb or shrub
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Note
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This species is one of the most densely pubescent of all Panamanian species of Solanum. The acicular spines and unusual fruit shape help distinguish it from other species. Solanum mammosum is cultivated for ornament and household use in many parts of the American tropics. In Panama it is cultivated and apparently also grows wild. It is used in some countries for killing roaches and in Darien for "extraction of maggots" (Duke).
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Common
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Nipple fruit Moza
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Common
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Tetilla Teta de China
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Specimen
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CHIRIQUI: Tol6, Tyson et al. 4225 (MO). DARIEN: Rio Pirre, Duke & Bristan 8276 (MO, OS). Along the Sambui River above tide limit, Pittier 5552 (US). PANAMA: Piria, 150 m, cultivated, Duke 14408 (MO, WIS). Panama Golf Club, Piper 5851 (US). Chepo, 60 m, Pittier 4446 (US). Las Sabanas, roadside, Standley 25840 (US). Near Juan Franco Race Track, in marsh, Standley 27804 (US). Nueva San Francisco, savanna, Standley 30702 (US). Rio Tapia, in grassland, Standley 41180 (US). La Chorrera, Zetek 3914 (MO).
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