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Published In: Species Plantarum 1: 376. 1753. (1 May 1753) (Sp. Pl.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 6/2/2011)
Acceptance : Accepted
Project Data     (Last Modified On 6/3/2011)
General/Distribution: About 600 species; mostly distributed in tropics and subtropics.

 

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Trees, shrubs, herbs. Leaf paripinnate or rarely reduced to phyllode; stipules of various shapes, petiolar glands often present. Inflorescence axillary or terminal raceme, terminal panicle or flowers subsolitary axillary; bracts and bracteoles variable. Calyx 5, imbricate, tube short. Petals 5, imbricate, subequal or lowermost larger. Stamens 10, all perfect or subequal or the upper ones smaller or imperfect or only 5 stamens; anthers uniform or upper ones smaller, dehiscing by an apical pore or short slit. Ovary sessile or stipitate, ovules numerous, style with terminal stigma. Fruit variable, terete or compressed, membranous or woody, often 2 valved, sometimes indehiscent, rarely winged lengthwise. Seeds mostly compressed, endospermous.
 

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1 Foliar gland absent (2)
+ Gland present on the leaf rachis (3)
2 (1) Three stamens at least twice as long as the other, with deeply (twice) curved filaments, which are many times as long as the anthers. Anthers finally longitudinally split, not distinctly basifixed. Transverse septa of the pod entire (subgenus Cassia) (4)
+ All stamens nearly equally short, often two or three slightly longer, filaments shorter than or as long as their anthers. Anthers opening by single or double terminal pores, basifixed. Transverse septa of the fruits entire or not (subgenus Senna) (8)
3 (1) Sepals blunt or rounded. Leaflets in few or many pairs, vary rarely narrow. Fruits indehiscent or sub-dehiscent. Seeds transverse or longitudinal. Bracteoles present or absent. Funicle Capillary subgenus Senna) (14)
+ Sepals vary acute. Leaflets in many pairs, very narrow, rarely few pairs and broader. pods flat, dehiscent. Seeds ongitudinal. Bracteoles present. Funicle short, broad, + triangular (sub-genus Lasiorhegma) (24)
4 (2) Petals pink or red, fading to buff, orange or white; bracts persisting till flowers open (5)
+ Petals yellow to golden; bracts vary small, falling off long before flowers appear Cassia fistula
5 (4) Ovary pubescent; leaflets variable (6)
+ Ovary glabrous; leaflets oblong Cassia renigera
6 (5) Petals (1.5) 2-3.5 cm long; filaments markedly swollen in the middle (7)
+ Petals up to 1.5 cm long; filaments not swollen in the middle Cassia roxburghii
7 (6) Stipules c. 12-15 mm long, leafy, leaflets usually obtuse Cassia javanica
+ Stipules c.5 mm long, narrow, not leafy, leaflets usually acute Cassia nodosa
8 (2) Leaflets less than 5 cm long (9)
+ Leaflets 5 cm or more long Cassia alata
9 (8) Stipules c. 7 mm or less long (10)
+ Stipules c. 1-2.5 cm long, c. 5 mm broad, acuminate Cassia didymobotrya
10 (9) Leaflets obtuse (11)
+ Leaflets acute Cassia senna
11 (10) Herb or undershrub, inflorescence a raceme. a raceme (12)
+ Tree, inflorescence panicle of corymbs Cassia siamea
12 (11) Pod with ridges on the valves (13)
+ Pod without ridges on the valves Cassia holosericea
13 (12) Petiole c. 1-3.5 cm long, raceme 6-23 cm long, longer or equal to subtending leaves. Sepals 8-13 mm long. Petals 9-20 mm long
+ Petiole c. 1-2.5 cm long, raceme 2-8 cm long, smaller than subtending leaves. Sepals 5-8 mm long. Petals 8-9 mm long
14 (3) Gland inserted on the petiole above, not between the leaflets (15)
+ Gland inserted between first or more pairs of leaflets (17)
15 (14) Bracts blunt, 4-5 mm long. Peduncle c. 1-2.8 cm long, carrying 4-10 flowers. Foliar gland narrow, Subulate-clavate (16)
+ Bracts acute, more than 5 mm long .Peduncle 0.3-0.8 mm long carrying 2-4 flowers. Foliar gland Ovoid, short, squat Cassia occidentalis
16 (15) Leaf 14-21 cm long, leaflets 4-12 pairs. Pod 9-10 cm long Cassia sophera
+ Leaf up to 9 cm long, leaflets 3-5 pairs. Pod 5-7.5 cm long Cassia purpurea
17 (14) Stipules c. 5 mm or more broad (18)
+ Stipules less than 5 mm broad (19)
18 (17) Glands well developed, present between the leaflets Cassia auriculata
+ Glands absent or reduced and irregularly placed Cassia didymobotrya
19 (17) Leaflets obovate (20)
+ Leaflets not obovate (22)
20 (19) Seven perfect stamens present, three staminodial or absent (21)
+ Ten perfect stamens present Cassia surattensis var. suffruticosa
21 (20) Gland between two lower pairs of leaflets, Pedicel (of flower) c. 4-10 mm long , (of pods) up to 15 mm; areoles on both sides of the seed, 1.5-2 mm wide, often almost as wide as the seed Cassia tora
+ Gland between the lowest pair of leaflets, pedicel 1.2-3.5 cm long (rarely as short as 5 mm), 1.5-4.5 cm in pods, areoles on both sides of the seed, narrow linear, .3-.5 mm wide Cassia obtusifolia
22 (19) Leaves with more than 3 pairs of leaflets (23)
+ Leaves with 2-3 pairs of leaflets Cassia corymbosa
23 (22) Ten perfect stamens present
+ Three upper stamens staminodial Cassia floribunda
24 (3) Leaflets more than 5 pairs, plants not viscid, stamens usually 10 (rarely 9,7 or 5) (25)
+ Leaflets 2 (or 1) pairs, plants viscid, hairy, stamens 5, no staminodes Cassia absus
25 (24) Foliar glands sessile (26)
+ Foliar glands distinctly stiped Cassia pumila
26 (25) Stamens 10, sometimes 7 Cassia wallichiana
+ Stamens 4-5 (subequal) Cassia hochstetteri
 
 
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