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| Nepeta annua |
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| 3. | Inflorescence of clearly separated verticillasters or of lax pedunculate cymes |
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| 4. | Cymes pedunculate with clearly pedicellate flowers |
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| 6. | Calyx c. 4.5 mm; nutlets clearly depressed-tuberculate; peduncles filiform |
| Nepeta graciliflora |
| 6. | Calyx 3.5-4 mm; nutlets inconspicuously depressed-tuberculate; peduncles not filiform |
| Nepeta hindostana |
| 4. | Verticiilasters borne in axis of leaves or bract-like upper leaves, ± sessile |
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| 7. | Indumentum dense, of long white villous hairs; nutlets verrucose with a long U-V-shaped areole |
| Nepeta eriosphaera |
| 7. | Indumentum of short hairs; nutlets smooth, shiny, with a small basal areole |
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| 8. | Leaves linear-elliptic; stems with some papillose glandular hairs |
| Nepeta daenensis |
| 8. | Leaves ovate to rhombic; stems with only eglandular retrorse hairs |
| Nepeta bracteata |
| 3. | Inflorescence of terminal ovoid heads |
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| 7. | Indumentum dense, of long white villous hairs; nutlets verrucose with a long U-V-shaped areole |
| Nepeta eriosphaera |
| 7. | Indumentum of short hairs; nutlets smooth, shiny, with a small basal areole |
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| 8. | Leaves linear-elliptic; stems with some papillose glandular hairs |
| Nepeta daenensis |
| 8. | Leaves ovate to rhombic; stems with only eglandular retrorse hairs |
| Nepeta bracteata |
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| 9. | All cauline leaves sessile, amplexicaul or not, or lowest stem leaves with a short, up to 3 mm petiole |
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| 10. | Plants with a dense all-over indumentum of long and short capitate glandular hairs |
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| 11. | Leaves deeply serrate-incised |
| Nepeta glutinosa |
| Nepeta adenophyta |
| 10. | Plants not as above, glabrous, eglandular pilose or vinous, or with glandular papillae |
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| 12. | Verticillasters crowded in ails of uppermost, often lilac-blue, leaves |
| Nepeta coerulescens |
| 12. | Verticillasters forming elongated spikes not as above |
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| 13. | Leaves pectinate-serrate, narrow or broad elliptic; indumentum of plant ± dense, villous, with or without glandular papillae |
| Nepeta elliptica |
| 13. | Leaves with entire or finely serrulate margins, linear to linear-elliptic; indumentum sparse or subabsent without glandular papillae |
| |
| 14. | Calyx 11-16 mm; corolla 20-25 mm; pedicel up to 12 mm |
| Nepeta connata |
| 14. | Calyx 10 mm or less; corolla 12-15 mm; pedicel absent to 2 mm |
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| 15. | Leaves up to 20 mm long; calyx 5-7 mm [Quetta] |
| Nepeta podostachys |
| 15. | Leaves 20-90 mm long; calyx 6-10 mm [NW Pakistan, Kashmir] |
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| 16. | Leaves linear 1.5-5 mm wide; root- stock tuberous or fusiform |
| Nepeta linearis |
| 16. | Leaves linear-lanceolate to linear-elliptic, up to 10 mm wide; rootstock not as above |
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| 17. | Spike longer and slender than that of N. nervosa, often interrupted near the base; leaves oblong-lanceolate, c. 25-50 x 12-20 mm |
| Nepeta campestris |
| 17. | Spike shorter than that of N. campestris, congested not interrupted near the base; leaves linear-lanceolate or linear-elliptic, up to 80 x 10
mm |
| Nepeta nervosa |
| 9. | At least the lower leaves clearly petiolate with a petiole more than 4 mm |
| |
| 18. | Calyx with entire upper and lower rounded lobes |
| Nepeta suavis |
| 18. | Calyx with distinct teeth |
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| 19. | Stems with an indumentum of distinct numerous stellate-dendroid hairs |
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| 20. | Inflorescence of several ± distant verticillasters borne in axils of leaves or leaf-like bracts; calyx with a dense stellate-dendroid indumentum |
| Nepeta leucolaena |
| 20. | Inflorescence of mostly solitary terminal ovoid heads; calyx with pilose or villous simple hairs |
| Nepeta kokanica |
| 19. | Stems without or with few indistinct furcate or branched hairs (strong magnification needed) |
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| 21. | Inflorescence of loose pedunculate cymes with clearly pedicellate flowers |
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| 22. | Nutlets with a prominent U- or V-shaped areole extending c. 2/3 nutlet length |
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| 23. | Leaves c. 7-10 x 7-10 mm, serrulate; peduncles up to 20 mm [NW Pakistan: Chitral] |
| Nepeta brachyantha |
| 23. | Leaves up to 25 x 25 mm, crenate-dentate; peduncles up to c. 10 mm [W Pakistan) |
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| 22. | Areole of nutlet c. 1/3 or less the nutlet length |
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| 24. | Calyx c. 4.5 mm; nutlets clearly depressed-tuberculate; peduncles filiform |
| Nepeta graciliflora |
| 24. | Calyx 3.5-4 mm; nutlets inconspicuously depressed-tuberculate; peduncles not filiform |
| Nepeta hindostana |
| 21. | Inflorescence of ± condensed pedunculate cymes, of distant verticillasters, ovoid heads or spikes |
| |
| |
| 26. | Larger leaves 4-11 cm long |
| |
| 27. | Corolla yellowish, c. 25 mm long |
| Nepeta govaniana |
| 27. | Corolla mauve to deep violet-blue, 20-25 mm long |
| Nepeta erecta |
| 26. | Larger leaves 15-3 cm long |
| |
| 28. | Indumentum on inflorescence vinous, with flat eglandular multicellular hairs; stems ± uniformly leafy |
| Nepeta glechomifolia |
| 28. | Indumentum on inflorescence sparse, of short eglandular or glandular hairs; leaves mostly on lower part of stem |
| Nepeta pinetorum |
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| 29. | Verticillasters ± clearly separated from each other or uppermost loosely con-gested |
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| 30. | Corolla c. 15 mm or more |
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| 31. | Stems erect-ascending, slender in region of inflorescence; bracts subulate, 2-4 mm |
| Nepeta pinetorum |
| 31. | Stems erect, ± sturdy throughout; bracts linear 1/2 as long as to as long as calyces |
| Nepeta clarkei |
| 30. | Corolla less than 10 mm |
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| 32. | Inflorescence paniculate |
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| 33. | Basal leaves suborbicular-ovate, white tomentose to lanate; cymes mostly on horizontally spreading peduncles |
| Nepeta floccosa |
| 33. | Basal and lower leaves triangular-ovate with a greyish indumentum; peduncles not horizontally spreading |
| Nepeta cataria |
| 32. | Inflorescence unbranched or lower verti-cillasters shortly pedunculate, not panicu-late |
| |
| 34. | Inflorescence of ± globose densely white-lanate-villose verticillasters; stems procumbent-ascending; nutlets with a U-V-shaped areole c. 3/4 length of nutlet |
| Nepeta lagopsis |
| 34. | Inflorescence not lanate-villose; stems erect; areole c. 1/3 length of nutlet |
| |
| 35. | Bracts c. 1/3 length of calyx; calyx often purplish |
| Nepeta rugosa |
| 35. | Bracts 1/3 to as long as calyx; calyx pale green or straw-coloured |
| |
| 36. | Leaves ovate-triangular, ± as long as broad; verticillasters up to c. 15 mm diameter in fruit |
| Nepeta praetervisa |
| 36. | Leaves oblong to oblong-ovate, longer than broad; verticillasters up to 10 mm in fruit |
| Nepeta juncea |
| 29. | Verticillasters forming ± continuous spikes or ovoid heads, sometimes lowermost verticillasters distant |
| |
| 37. | Rootstock with a distinct tuber 8-20 mm in diameter [leaves green, broad triangular-ovate, 5-20 x 5-15 mm; calyx teeth subequal] |
| Nepeta raphanorhiza |
| 37. | Rootstock not tuberous |
| |
| 38. | Scree plants with scale-like leaves on rootstock |
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| 39. | Leaves cuneate, margins deeply incised with obtuse round lobes; at least some bracts as long as or longer than flowers |
| Nepeta longibracteata |
| 39. | Leaves cordate, margins crenulate; bracts ± equal to calyces |
| Nepeta kurramensis |
| 38. | Not scree plants; without scalelike leaves on rootstock |
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| 40. | Leaves markedly discolorous or grayish white canescent |
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| 41. | Leaves densely adpressed canescent with at least some branched hairs (strong magnification needed) |
| Nepeta kokanica |
| 41. | Leaves discolorous; all hairs unbranched |
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| 42. | Nutlets smooth; outer bracts elliptic to obtrullate |
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| 43. | Leaves c. 7-20 x 7-12 mm; corolla c. 12 mm |
| Nepeta discolor |
| 43. | Leaves up to 30 (-45) x 20 (-30) mm; corolla up to 17 mm |
| Nepeta eriostachys |
| 42. | Nutlets tuberculate; outer bracts ± linear |
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| 44. | Calyx 9-10 mm; leaf apices obtuse |
| Nepeta schmidii |
| 44. | Calyx 6.5-8 mm; leaf apices ± acute |
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| 45. | Perennial herb, 30-50 cm, leaves broadly ovate to triangular-ovate, 15-35 x 10-30 mm; inflorescence of numerous sessile or shortly pedunculate, many-flowered congested cymes forming an elongated or short spike interrupted below |
| Nepeta griffithii |
| 45. | Dwarf suffruticose herb, c. 10 cm high, leaves c. 15 x 18 mm, cordate-reniform; verticillasters condensed into a ± loose head or spike |
| Nepeta amicorum |
| 40. | Leaves ± green on both surfaces |
| |
| 46. | Vertillasters crowded in axils of uppermost often lilac-blue leaves; lowermost leaves with a short petiole to 4 mm, all other leaves sessile |
| Nepeta coerulescens |
| 46. | Verticillasters not as above; lowermost leaves with petioles of 6 mm or more |
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| 47. | Inflorescence a terminal ovoid head |
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| Nepeta paucifolia |
| 48. | leaves crenate, apically rounded or obtuse |
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| 49. | Plants not aromatic, suffruticose, clump-forming, stems 15-30 cm; leaves ± broadly ovate, flabelliform or trullate, indumentum of simple or branched hairs; inflorescence of terminal congested ovoid heads, or sometimes with a distinct lower verticillaster |
| Nepeta kokanica |
| 49. | Plants aromatic, stem erect, c. 30 cm; leaves triangular-ovate, indumentum of simple hairs; inflorescence of 2-3 con-densed or separated verticillasters |
| Nepeta grata |
| 47. | Inflorescence an elongated oblong-cylindrical spike |
| |
| 50. | Outer bracts at base of spikes ovate-lanceolate, often coloured |
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| 51. | Leaves ± broad-ovate, 12-20 x 10-15 mm, with a rather dense short indumentum of retrorse hairs |
| Nepeta distans |
| 51. | Leaves triangular-ovate to elliptic, 30-60 x 20-30 mm, usually glabrous to minutely pilose |
| Nepeta laevigata |
| 50. | Outer bracts at base of spikes narrow lanceolate to linear |
| |
| 52. | Leaf margin serrate to subpectinate |
| Nepeta subincisa |
| 52. | Leaf margin crenate to crenulate |
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| 53. | Leaves linear-elliptic to elliptic, rarely with some leaves ternately pinnatisect; clusters of young leaves present in leaf axils |
| Nepeta paulsenii |
| 53. | Leaves oblong-ovate to oblong-triangular, simple; usually without clusters of young leaves in leaf axils |
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| 54. | Leaves 10-20 x 8-15 mm, glabrous to pilose; inflorescence ± glabrous |
| Nepeta podostachys |
| 54. | Leaves 20-40 x 15-25 mm, villous; inflorescence ± white villous |
| Nepeta pubescens |
| 5. | Cauline leaves linear, upper spreading and recurved |
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| 5. | Cauline leaves ovate to elliptic, upper spreading |
| Nepeta pungens |